Healthy gums are characterized by a pink color, firmly attached teeth and no bleeding when brushing or flossing. Periodontal disease, or pyorrhea, affects the bone and gums that support the teeth, caused by the accumulation of food debris and bacteria between the teeth. Genetic factors may predispose to its development.

Periodontal disease is divided into gingivitis, reversible inflammation with mild bleeding, and periodontitis or pyorrhea, more severe and chronic, which can lead to tooth loss due to the reduction of the supporting bone.

The Spanish Society of Periodontology emphasizes that periodontitis not only affects the mouth, but is also related to problems such as erectile dysfunction, premature births, Alzheimer’s disease, cardiovascular disease and rheumatoid arthritis.

Symptoms include bleeding, inflammation, tooth sensitivity, halitosis, mobility and advanced dental pain. Risk factors include smoking, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, pregnancy and poor dental hygiene.

Periodic follow-up and proper prevention are crucial to control periodontal disease and its complications.